Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education
type: channel
description: Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education Languages: English, German, Spanish, and Russian Publication Frequency: Monthly (12 Issues Per Year) Publication format: Online ISSN (E): 2942-9943 ResearchBib: 9.775 IFSIJ JIF: 7.010 Cite Factor Index Copernicus Google Scholar Asian Education Index Mission And Scope Mission - Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education is an electronic journal that provides easy access to scientific research in the field of sports science and physical education. Scope - The main objective of Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education is to unite specialists from different fields, including sport, physical activity, kinesiology, education, health and nutrition, to provide the opportunity for multidisciplinary debates and comprehensive understanding of how physical activity influences human life. Researchers from areas that are related to sport and health are invited to publish their cutting-edge research and its practical applicability. Our target group of expert specialists includes academic researchers, kinesitherapists, physical education and sports teachers, physicians in sports medicine, psychologists, nutritionists, coaches and any other researchers involved in the sports field. Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education aims to act as a stimulus and a dissemination instrument for the research activity of investigators. Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education primarily publishes articles in the following fields: the natural sciences of sport, social and behavioural sciences and humanities, sports management, sports medicine, sports pedagogy and sport itself. The journal also aims to facilitate and enhance communication across all sub-disciplines of the sport sciences. The journal awaits original papers, review articles, technical reports and short communications that contain new insight into any aspect of the sport sciences that have not been previously publi…
publisher: Proximus Journal Publishing
language: en
publication name: Proximus Journal of Sports Science and Physical Education
issn: 2942-9943
items: DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIVE POWER USING WEIGHTS IN A HIERARCHICAL MANNER AND ITS EFFECT ON IMPROVING THE VALUES OF SOME BIOKINEMATIC VARIABLES AND THE TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE LONG JUMP
items: THE IMPACT OF A STRATEGY BASED ON TRIINTELLIGENCE ON GENERATIVE THINKING AND THE ACQUISITION OF VOLLEYBALL SETTING AND SPIKING SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS
items: ORGANIZATIONAL BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS SPORTS IN MODERN UZBEKISTAN
items: CONSTRUCTING A BASKETBALL SHOOTING ACCURACY TEST UNDER PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE FOR FIRST DIVISION CLUB PLAYERS IN AL-ANBAR PROVINCE
items: THE IMPACT OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM BASED ON PERFORMING SKILLFUL EXERCISES WITH GRADUAL DIFFICULTY TO IMPROVE CHEST PASS AND BOUNCE PASS SKILLS IN BASKETBALL FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS
items: UPDATING CURRICULA IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS THE PATH TOWARDS ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
items: FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS
items: THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING ENDURANCE IN STUDENTS
items: PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN FORMING LEARNING MOTIVATION IN PRIMARY STUDENTS
items: INDIVIDUAL-TYPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AS A FACTOR OF YOUNG ATHLETES' ADAPTATION TO SPORTS ACTIVITY
items: CONTRIBUTION PERCENTAGES OF SOME FUNCTIONAL VARIABLES AS AN INDICATOR OF MUSCLE DAMAGE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE 100-METER FREESTYLE
items: DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF 13-YEAR-OLD FOOTBALLERS' SHOTS ON GOAL IN TRAINING AND COMPETITIONS
items: THE EFFECT OF THE BLENDED LEARNING STRATEGY ON LEARNING THE SKILLS OF REBOUND HANDLING AND SCORING FROM STABILITY IN BASKETBALL
items: THE IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIATED METHODS IN THE EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS TRAINING SESSIONS
items: THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUALIZED TRAINING PROGRAMS ON PERFORMANCE DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES
items: THE PROBLEM OF HYPODYNAMIC IN THE HUMAN ORGANISM AND THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION HYGIENE
items: THE EFFECT OF DESIGNING TRAINING UNITS ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL LOAD VARIABLES ON MYELOPEROXIDASE (MPO) ACTIVITY RELATED TO THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MUSCULAR PERFORMANCE IN GYMNASTICS ATHLETES
items: IMPACT OF HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT READINESS ON SENSOMOTOR REACTION AND COGNITIVE DECISION-MAKING RATE
items: A SYSTEMIC APPROACH WITHIN THE PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
items: PHYSICAL REHABILITATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL CULTURE
items: TEACHING METHODS FOR TEAM OFFENSIVE TECHNIQUES TO YOUNG HANDBALL PLAYERS
items: The Effectiveness of a Psychological Counseling Program in Emotional Intelligence for Developing Complex Skill Performance under Competitive Pressure among Handball Players
items: The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Enhancing Performance Under Pressure Among young football players
items: EFFECTIVENESS OF PLYOMETRIC EXERCISES IN DEVELOPING SPEED AND AGILITY IN ADOLESCENT BASKETBALL PLAYERS
items: THE EFFECT OF A REHABILITATION PROGRAM BASED ON THE (ASI) MODEL ON REDUCING NEUROMUSCULAR ASYMMETRY IN SELECTED PHYSICAL ABILITIES AMONG ATHLETES WITH LOWER LIMB INJURIES
items: AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF FEAR OF RE-INJURY AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANT OF SPORT RELAPSE AMONG INJURED ATHLETES DURING THE MEDICAL REHABILITATION PHASE
items: THE EFFECT OF FUNCTIONAL TRAINING ON BASIC STRENGTH AND DYNAMIC BALANCE IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS
items: THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON AEROBIC ENDURANCE AND CERTAIN HEART FUNCTIONS IN YOUTH BASKETBALL PLAYERS AGED (17-18) YEARS
items: THE COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF TWO TRAINING METHODOLOGIES (PLYOMETRIC VERSUS COMPLEX TRAINING) ON THE DEVELOPMENT RATE OF EXPLOSIVE POWER AND SPRINT SPEED AMONG BASKETBALL PLAYERS
items: The Effect of Physical Exercises with Auditory Stimuli on Motor Response Speed and Improving Certain Aspects of Attention Among School Students

DEVELOPMENT OF EXPLOSIVE POWER USING WEIGHTS IN A HIERARCHICAL MANNER AND ITS EFFECT ON IMPROVING THE VALUES OF SOME BIOKINEMATIC VARIABLES AND THE TECHNICAL PERFORMANCE OF THE LONG JUMP
type: item
description: The aim was to identify the effect of using weight training in the up-and-down method on the development of explosive power in the student. Identifying the effect of explosive power development using weight training in the up-and-down method in improving some biokinematic variables of the long jump for students for the research sample, as for the hypothesis of the study, the researcher imposed the use of weight training in the up-and-down method that positively affects the development of explosive power in the student., The research population was identified with the students of the first stage of Division (1) of the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Maysan University for the season 2025, which are (15) students. As for the recommendations that the researcher came out with, the need to conduct similar studies and researches on other jumping events, using different training methods or using devices such as the strength platform for both genders, if the researcher concludes that weight training in a hierarchical way leads to the development of explosive power, the development of explosive power leads to the improvement of some biokinematic variables of the effectiveness, the development of explosive power through weight training in a hierarchical way leads to the improvement of the technical performance of the event.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Explosive power
  topic: keywords
subject: Pyramid exercises
  topic: keywords
subject: Long jump
  topic: keywords
creator: Zainab Abdulkadhim Hasnawi
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-28
publication date: 2026-05-28
starting page: 40
ending page: 47

THE IMPACT OF A STRATEGY BASED ON TRIINTELLIGENCE ON GENERATIVE THINKING AND THE ACQUISITION OF VOLLEYBALL SETTING AND SPIKING SKILLS AMONG STUDENTS
type: item
description: The study aimed to identify the level of (creative thinking—preparation—presentation) among the research sample. It also aimed to develop instructional units based on a strategy grounded in tri-intelligent thinking for creative thinking and the learning of setting and serving skills among the research sample, and to identify the impact of a strategy grounded in tri-intelligent thinking on creative thinking and the learning of setting and serving skills in volleyball among the research sample. The researcher hypothesized that there would be statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in creative thinking and the learning of setting and spiking skills in volleyball for university students, The researcher also hypothesized that there would be statistically significant differences between the post-test results in creative thinking and the learning of setting and serving skills in volleyball among university students. The researcher employed an experimental approach using a design with experimental and control groups of equal size, each undergoing pre- and posttests. The research sample was selected using a purposive sampling method, consisting of second-year students in the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Al-Farahidi University for the academic year (2026), totaling 120 students distributed across seven sections, with 20 students in each section. Students were selected from Sections B and E at random via a lottery, The creative thinking test was administered to the research sample in the classroom, in addition to the skill tests consisting of volleyball serving and setting tests in the college’s indoor court. The results were compiled and statistically analyzed, and the researcher reached a set of conclusions, the most notable of which was the clear superiority of the strategy based on the clearly outperformed the method used to develop cognitive abilities specifically creative thinking and the skills of setting and serving…
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Strategy based on triple intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: generative thinking
  topic: keywords
subject: Setting
  topic: keywords
creator: Nour ayad Abbas
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-14
publication date: 2026-05-14
starting page: 19
ending page: 31

ORGANIZATIONAL BASIS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MASS SPORTS IN MODERN UZBEKISTAN
type: item
description: The article discusses issues related to the systematic organization and management of mass sports and recreational activities on an ongoing basis, aimed at creating a healthy lifestyle in society and attracting wide sections of the population, especially youth, to physical education and sports
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Three-Level, Model, Link
  topic: keywords
creator: Raxmanov Shuxrat Xamid o‘g‘li
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-24
publication date: 2026-04-24
starting page: 86
ending page: 90

CONSTRUCTING A BASKETBALL SHOOTING ACCURACY TEST UNDER PHYSICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL PRESSURE FOR FIRST DIVISION CLUB PLAYERS IN AL-ANBAR PROVINCE
type: item
description: This study aimed to construct a test designed to measure shooting accuracy in basketball under conditions of physical and psychological pressure. The research population consisted of 84 players representing first-division clubs in Al-Anbar province. The test was developed and applied to the research sample following established scientific principles of test construction. The findings indicated that the test effectively reflected real match conditions. Based on these results, the researchers recommended designing and preparing similar tests for other skills within basketball as well as in other sports
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Shooting accuracy test, Basketball, Test construction, Physical and psychological pressure, Psychological and physical measurement
  topic: keywords
creator: Imad Saadallah Khamees
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-24
publication date: 2026-04-24
starting page: 81
ending page: 85

THE IMPACT OF AN EDUCATIONAL PROGRAM BASED ON PERFORMING SKILLFUL EXERCISES WITH GRADUAL DIFFICULTY TO IMPROVE CHEST PASS AND BOUNCE PASS SKILLS IN BASKETBALL FOR MIDDLE SCHOOL STUDENTS
type: item
description: The development of motor learning speeds up the execution and enhances accuracy of the tasks. It enables one to recall the motor programmer faster. Fundamentally tasks should be slowly progressed from easy to difficult in an exercise
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Skill Exercises
  topic: keywords
subject: Basketball
  topic: keywords
creator: Malik Jamal Abd Naser
creator: Nawfal Qahtan Mohammed
creator: Boraq Abbas Fadhil
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-24
publication date: 2026-04-24
starting page: 68
ending page: 80

UPDATING CURRICULA IN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS THE PATH TOWARDS ACHIEVING SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS
type: item
description: Education is considered one of the most important achievements that citizens can acquire to succeed in life, and it is a fundamental requirement for achieving the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). Therefore, most higher education institutions have paid considerable attention to updating curricula due to its positive impacts, which include elevating and advancing societies.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Educational Matters, Learning Environment
  topic: keywords
creator: Marwa Khalid Khazal
creator: Raed Fakhri Shukr
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-24
publication date: 2026-04-24
starting page: 57
ending page: 67

FORMATION OF PROFESSIONAL TRAINING OF FUTURE PHYSICAL EDUCATION TEACHERS
type: item
description: Mazkur maqolada bo’lajak jismoniy madaniyat o’qituvchilarining kasbiy tayyorgarligini rivojlantirish, ularning o’quv faoliyatini shakllantirish texnologiyasi, ularda bilim, ko’nikma, malakalarni shakllantirib, pedogogik kompetentsiyani hosil qilish yo’llari haqida ochib beriladi.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: jismoniy tarbiya o’qituvchisi
  topic: keywords
subject: ta’lim faoliyati
  topic: keywords
subject: o’quv faoliyatini shakllantirish
  topic: keywords
creator: Turgunov Bakhtiyor O‘rolovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-04
publication date: 2026-05-04
starting page: 15
ending page: 18

THE IMPORTANCE OF DEVELOPING ENDURANCE IN STUDENTS
type: item
description: Chidamlilik shunday fazilatki, u qiyinchilik bilan tarbiyalanadi, yo’qotish esa oson. Chidamlilikni tarbiyalayotgan organizmda o’tayotgan bir necha jarayonni ajratish mumkin: Chidamlilik jismoniy harakat sifati bo’lib, odam organizmining uzoq vaqt davomida mushaklar ishini faol bajarilishida toliqishni yengish qobiliyatidir. Chidamlilik sifati ikki xil bo’ladi, umumiy va maxsus. Umumiy chidamliliik - organizmning uzoq vaqt davomida har qanday mushaklarning ish bajarganida charchoqni yengish qobiliyatiga aytiladi. Maxsus chidamlilik - jismoniy mashqlar yoki sport turlarining biriga xos bo’lgan mushaklar ishi uzoq vaqt davomida bajarilganda charchoqni yengish bilan belgilanadi.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Tarbiya
  topic: keywords
subject: umumiy
  topic: keywords
subject: chidamlilik
  topic: keywords
subject: mashq
  topic: keywords
creator: Turgunov Bakhtiyor O‘rolovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-05
publication date: 2026-05-05
starting page: 10
ending page: 14

PSYCHOLOGICAL FACTORS IN FORMING LEARNING MOTIVATION IN PRIMARY STUDENTS
type: item
description: Ushbu maqolada boshlang‘ich sing o‘quvchilarida o‘quv motivlarining shakllanish muammosi yoritilgan. Shuningdek, boshlang‘ich sinf o‘quvchilarining boshqa psixologik xususiyatlari va irodaviy sifatlarining tarkib toppish muammolari va ularning motivatsiya shakllanishiga ko‘rsatuvchi ta’sirlari muhokama etilgan
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: boshlang‘ich ta’lim
  topic: keywords
subject: motiv
  topic: keywords
subject: tafakkur
  topic: keywords
subject: xotira
  topic: keywords
creator: Eryigitov Dilshod Kholboyevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-04
publication date: 2026-05-04
starting page: 6
ending page: 9

INDIVIDUAL-TYPOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AS A FACTOR OF YOUNG ATHLETES' ADAPTATION TO SPORTS ACTIVITY
type: item
description: Ushbu maqolada yosh sportchilarning sport faoliyatiga moslashuvida ijtimoiy omillar va eng asosiysi uning individual o’ziga xosligi muhim ahamiyat kasb etishi yoritib o’tilgani.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: sport
  topic: keywords
subject: psixologiya
  topic: keywords
subject: individuallik
  topic: keywords
subject: temperament
  topic: keywords
creator: Eryigitov Dilshod Kholboyevich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-05-04
publication date: 2026-05-04
starting page: 1
ending page: 5

CONTRIBUTION PERCENTAGES OF SOME FUNCTIONAL VARIABLES AS AN INDICATOR OF MUSCLE DAMAGE AND THEIR RELATIONSHIP TO THE ACHIEVEMENT OF THE 100-METER FREESTYLE
type: item
description: The study aimed to identify functional variables indicative of muscle damage and to determine the contribution percentages of specific functional variables to performance in the 100-meter freestyle event, as well as to examine the relationships among these functional variables concerning the 100-meter freestyle run. The researcher utilized descriptive survey and correlational methodologies to correspond with the characteristics of the problem being examined. The study population consisted of eight individuals from the 100m junior category runners in Misan Governorate for the 2025 sports season. The study sample consisted of six runners, with two excluded due to injury, representing 75% of the research population. The researchers came to a number of important conclusions. After the juniors ran the 100-meter freestyle race, which was very hard on their bodies, their levels of functional variables went up a lot. This indicates that the traits of quick performance and explosive contractions lead to significant acute muscle damage. Moreover, there exist significant correlations between indicators of muscle damage and performance outcomes, suggesting that the increase of these variables following exertion is associated with a reduction in performance levels, thereby confirming the adverse effects of muscle strain on achievement. The main suggestions were to carefully grade the training loads for juniors to avoid muscle damage that could slow down their physical growth and future performance, and to make recovery a priority after effort, since damage levels go up a lot after speed competitions.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Contribution
  topic: keywords
subject: Percentages
  topic: keywords
subject: Functional Variables
  topic: keywords
subject: Muscle Damage
  topic: keywords
creator: Yasser Jumaa Falih
creator: Ali Kazem Ashour
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-25
publication date: 2026-04-25
starting page: 91
ending page: 99

DETERMINING THE EFFICIENCY OF 13-YEAR-OLD FOOTBALLERS' SHOTS ON GOAL IN TRAINING AND COMPETITIONS
type: item
description: The article analyzes the shots taken by 13-year-old football players during training and competitions, determines their effectiveness, and provides recommendations for eliminating shortcomings.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: competition
  topic: keywords
subject: shot on goal
  topic: keywords
subject: with foot
  topic: keywords
subject: with head
  topic: keywords
creator: Xabibullayev S.X.
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 45
ending page: 48

THE EFFECT OF THE BLENDED LEARNING STRATEGY ON LEARNING THE SKILLS OF REBOUND HANDLING AND SCORING FROM STABILITY IN BASKETBALL
type: item
description: The study aims to identify the effect of the blended learning strategy on learning the two handling skills Rebounding and scoring in basketball, and the research sample consisted of first year female students in the department Physical Education and Sports Sciences at Al-Maarif University College. The study adopted the experimental method. Due to its suitability and the nature of the problem, the statistical package (SPSS) is used to process the data statistically. The researchers concluded that the blended learning strategy has a positive impact on learning the skills of rebound handling and scoring from a standstill in basketball. The researchers recommend using strategies that give traditional education and e-learning a boost for both secondary school and university to add excitement, spread cooperative spirit, and break out of the traditional pattern of learning the basic skills for all games
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Scoring
  topic: keywords
subject: Scoringpre-posttests
  topic: keywords
subject: SPSS
  topic: keywords
creator: Omar Hamdi Abdul Rahma
creator: Huda Qahtan Tuamaa
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-22
publication date: 2026-04-22
starting page: 49
ending page: 56

THE IMPORTANCE OF INDIVIDUAL APPROACH AND DIFFERENTIATED METHODS IN THE EFFECTIVE ORGANIZATION OF RHYTHMIC GYMNASTICS TRAINING SESSIONS
type: item
description: This article examines the scientific and practical significance of an individual approach and differentiated methods in organizing rhythmic gymnastics training sessions. The study, based on a pedagogical experiment, analyzed indicators of athletes’ physical and technical preparedness. The results demonstrated that the use of an individual approach significantly improves flexibility, coordination, jumping ability, and rhythm perception. Furthermore, differentiated methods contribute to optimizing the training process, reducing overload, and increasing athletes’ motivation
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: rhythmic gymnastics
  topic: keywords
subject: individual approach
  topic: keywords
subject: differentiated method
  topic: keywords
creator: Xaitbayeva Barnoxon Baxodirovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-11
publication date: 2026-04-11
starting page: 40
ending page: 44

THE IMPACT OF INDIVIDUALIZED TRAINING PROGRAMS ON PERFORMANCE DEVELOPMENT IN YOUNG TRACK AND FIELD ATHLETES
type: item
description: In recent years, the development of young athletes in track and field has become a central focus of sports science, particularly in the context of optimizing training processes and enhancing performance outcomes. Modern athletics requires not only high physical preparedness but also the implementation of scientifically grounded training methodologies that take into account the individual characteristics of athletes. In this regard, individualized training programs are increasingly recognized as a key factor in improving athletic performance and ensuring long-term athlete development. The relevance of this study is обусловлена the growing need to design training systems that correspond to the biological, physiological, and psychological особенностям young athletes. Traditional “one-size-fits-all” training approaches often fail to consider significant inter-individual differences in growth, maturation, and adaptation to нагрузка, which can lead to suboptimal performance outcomes and increased risk of injury. Contemporary research emphasizes that youth athletes exhibit substantial variability in developmental trajectories, and therefore require tailored training interventions aligned with their individual capacities and needs
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: approaches
  topic: keywords
subject: interventions
  topic: keywords
subject: exhibit
  topic: keywords
subject: psychological
  topic: keywords
creator: Allomov E
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-10
publication date: 2026-04-10
starting page: 35
ending page: 39

THE PROBLEM OF HYPODYNAMIC IN THE HUMAN ORGANISM AND THE IMPORTANCE OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION HYGIENE
type: item
description: Hypodynamia is a condition associated with a decrease in motor activity, which has a negative effect on the human body. Disorders of the cardiovascular system, increased blood pressure, metabolic changes and other pathologies are the main negative consequences of hypodynamia. This article analyzes the importance of physical education hygiene, its role in the prevention of these diseases and the results of scientific research.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: harakat faolligi
  topic: keywords
subject: gipodinamiya
  topic: keywords
subject: jismoniy tarbiya
  topic: keywords
creator: Sadikova Sarvinoz Mirzakirovna
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-11
publication date: 2026-04-11
starting page: 31
ending page: 34

THE EFFECT OF DESIGNING TRAINING UNITS ACCORDING TO PHYSICAL LOAD VARIABLES ON MYELOPEROXIDASE (MPO) ACTIVITY RELATED TO THE PHYSIOLOGICAL RESPONSE OF MUSCULAR PERFORMANCE IN GYMNASTICS ATHLETES
type: item
description: The current study aimed to design a proposed training program based on the activity of myeloperoxidase (MPO) as an indicator of physiological response in muscle performance for gymnasts, as well as to highlight the importance of the program in improving muscular and technical performance. The sample included (14) players from the Iraqi national junior gymnastics team. The experimental method was employed using a pre- and post-test design for one experimental group. The proposed training program lasted eight weeks, integrating continuous aerobic exercises and high-intensity intervals, with training intensity monitored according to HRmax. The results showed a significant improvement in MPO activity, aerobic capacity (VO₂ Max), lactate threshold, and performance of motor routines. The findings indicate that the proposed training units had a positive effect on muscular and physiological efficiency of the athletes.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Myeloperoxidase
  topic: keywords
subject: Physiological
  topic: keywords
subject: Artistic gymnastics
  topic: keywords
creator: Raed Fakhri Shukr
creator: Asst. Prof. Marwa Khalid Khazal
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 24
ending page: 30

IMPACT OF HAND-TO-HAND COMBAT READINESS ON SENSOMOTOR REACTION AND COGNITIVE DECISION-MAKING RATE
type: item
description: This scientific study is devoted to the study of the impact of hand-to-hand combat readiness on sensomotor reaction rates as well as cognitive decision-making processes. During the study, experimental and control groups were formed, in which, with the help of special tests, indicators of reaction and decision-making were evaluated. In particular, cognitive processes have been analyzed through simple and selective reaction time, as well as Stroop and Go/No-Go tests
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: hand fight
  topic: keywords
subject: sensomotor reaction
  topic: keywords
subject: reaction rate
  topic: keywords
creator: Ibadullaev Balkhoja
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 19
ending page: 23

A SYSTEMIC APPROACH WITHIN THE PEDAGOGICAL SYSTEM OF PHYSICAL EDUCATION
type: item
description: The article examines the theoretical and practical aspects of applying a systems approach in the teaching of physical education. It reveals the essence of the systems approach as a methodological foundation of pedagogical activity and analyzes the structural components of the pedagogical system and their interrelations. Special attention is given to the practical implementation of the systems approach in physical education classes, including the development of motor skills, the enhancement of physical qualities, and the motivation of students. The provided examples demonstrate the effectiveness of a systematically organized learning process. It is concluded that the systems approach contributes to improving the quality of education, fostering students’ personal development, and optimizing the educational process.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: systems approach
  topic: keywords
subject: pedagogical system
  topic: keywords
subject: physical education
  topic: keywords
creator: Yusupov Rаvshanвек Sabirzhanovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 15
ending page: 18

PHYSICAL REHABILITATION WITHIN THE FRAMEWORK OF ADAPTIVE PHYSICAL CULTURE
type: item
description: The article examines physical rehabilitation within the framework of adaptive physical culture as a crucial means of restoring motor functions in individuals with disabilities and health limitations. The physiological foundations of motor rehabilitation are revealed, along with the main goals, stages, principles, methods, and means of restoring impaired movements. Special attention is given to the role of the adaptive physical culture specialist in the rehabilitation process, as well as to the expected outcomes of implementing rehabilitation programs. The comprehensive nature of adaptive physical culture is emphasized, as it is aimed not only at physical recovery but also at social integration and improvement of the quality of life of participants.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: adaptive physical culture
  topic: keywords
subject: physical rehabilitation
  topic: keywords
subject: restoration of motor functions
  topic: keywords
creator: Ruzmetov Makhmud Askarovich
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-09
publication date: 2026-04-09
starting page: 10
ending page: 14

TEACHING METHODS FOR TEAM OFFENSIVE TECHNIQUES TO YOUNG HANDBALL PLAYERS
type: item
description: This study explores effective teaching methods for developing team offensive techniques among young handball players. The objective was to identify pedagogical strategies that enhance cooperation, tactical understanding, and execution of collective attacks in competitive play. The study used observational and experimental approaches, applying a combination of progressive drills, game simulations, and feedback-based learning. Results showed significant improvements in teamwork, passing accuracy, and spatial awareness. The findings suggest that structured, interactive, and game-oriented training is crucial for developing offensive efficiency in youth handball.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Young handball players
  topic: keywords
subject: teaching methods
  topic: keywords
subject: tactical games approach
  topic: keywords
subject: cooperative learning
  topic: keywords
creator: Burxonov Farrux Razzoq o‘g‘li
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-04-04
publication date: 2026-04-04
starting page: 1
ending page: 9

The Effectiveness of a Psychological Counseling Program in Emotional Intelligence for Developing Complex Skill Performance under Competitive Pressure among Handball Players
type: item
description: The present research aims to reveal the effectiveness of a psychological counseling program based on developing emotional intelligence in regulating complex skill performance and improving its accuracy under competitive pressure among handball players. Emotional intelligence represents an optimal state of performance characterized by full engagement, high attentional focus, a sense of control, and fluidity in motor execution. The researcher adopted the experimental approach using a pre-test/post-test equivalent groups design (experimental and control), as it perfectly aligns with the nature of the research problem in revealing the effectiveness of the psychological counseling intervention. The research sample consisted of (20) handball players, who were randomly assigned into two equal groups. The emotional intelligence scale and the complex skill performance test under competitive pressure were used as the main measurement tools, where performance situations were designed to simulate actual competition conditions in terms of time constraints and stressful stimuli. The program was implemented over a period of (6) weeks, with (2) sessions per week. The results revealed statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test in favor of the experimental group regarding the level of emotional intelligence and the accuracy of skill performance under competitive pressure; furthermore, it outperformed the control group in the post-test, indicating the effectiveness of the psychological counseling program in improving the regulation of skill performance and maintaining its accuracy in stressful situations. These findings support the theoretical proposition that emotional intelligence acts as a psychological regulatory mechanism contributing to performance stability and mitigating the impact of competitive pressures
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Emotional Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Sports Psychological Counseling
  topic: keywords
subject: Competitive Pressure
  topic: keywords
creator: Marwan Abdullateef AbdulJabbar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 78
ending page: 91

The Role of Emotional Intelligence in Enhancing Performance Under Pressure Among young football players
type: item
description: The objective of this research is to verify the relationship between emotional intelligence and performance under pressure among young football players at Al-Qasim Sports Club. The basic research sample consisted of (25) football players from the youth ranks of Al-Qasim Sports Club aged between (15– 16) years. The researcher used the descriptive correlational method. The research tools consisted of: the Emotional Intelligence Scale (Prepared by: The Researcher) and the Performance Under Pressure Scale (Prepared by: The Researcher). The results showed the existence of a statistically significant positive correlational relationship between emotional intelligence and performance under pressure among young football players. , and the existence of statistically significant differences in performance under pressure between high emotional intelligence players and low emotional intelligence players in favor of those with high emotional intelligence.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Emotional Intelligence
  topic: keywords
subject: Performance Under Pressure
  topic: keywords
subject: Junior football Players.
  topic: keywords
creator: M.D Yasir Anas Jabbar Hawwa
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
starting page: 66
ending page: 77

EFFECTIVENESS OF PLYOMETRIC EXERCISES IN DEVELOPING SPEED AND AGILITY IN ADOLESCENT BASKETBALL PLAYERS
type: item
description: The digital transformation of sports training methodologies, including the application of scientifically grounded physical conditioning techniques, has become increasingly relevant in modern athletic development. In Uzbekistan, significant attention is being given to the advancement of youth sports as a strategic priority of state policy. Over recent years, large-scale reforms have been implemented to improve sports infrastructure, increase youth participation, and enhance the quality of athlete preparation. In particular, the development of mass sports and the construction of modern sports facilities have created favorable conditions for improving the physical fitness of young athletes
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Plyometric training
  topic: keywords
subject: speed development
  topic: keywords
subject: agility
  topic: keywords
creator: Vapayev Kadam Ravshonbekovich
creator: Boltayev Xayrulla Fayzulla ogli
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-18
publication date: 2026-03-18
starting page: 57
ending page: 65

THE EFFECT OF A REHABILITATION PROGRAM BASED ON THE (ASI) MODEL ON REDUCING NEUROMUSCULAR ASYMMETRY IN SELECTED PHYSICAL ABILITIES AMONG ATHLETES WITH LOWER LIMB INJURIES
type: item
description: This study aims to identify the effect of a rehabilitation program based on the Ayres Sensory Integration (ASI) model on reducing neuromuscular asymmetry in some physical abilities of athletes with lower limb injuries. The researcher adopted the experimental method and applied the program to a single experimental sample consisting of nine athletes suffering from moderate lower limb injuries. The rehabilitation program focused on increasing training loads on the weaker limb. The results showed statistically significant differences between the pre- and post-tests in favor of the post-test in the variables of strength, balance, reaction speed, and agility. It was concluded that the rehabilitation program based on the ASI model effectively contributed to reducing neuromuscular asymmetry and improving the functional efficiency of the injured limb. The study recommends adopting this model in sports rehabilitation programs, with emphasis on training the weaker limb to a safe and effective return of athletes to sports activity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Rehabilitation program
  topic: keywords
subject: ASI model
  topic: keywords
subject: neuromuscular symmetry
  topic: keywords
creator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Zainab Hussein Jaafar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-02-26
publication date: 2026-02-26
starting page: 48
ending page: 58

AN ANALYTICAL STUDY OF THE LEVEL OF FEAR OF RE-INJURY AS A PSYCHOLOGICAL DETERMINANT OF SPORT RELAPSE AMONG INJURED ATHLETES DURING THE MEDICAL REHABILITATION PHASE
type: item
description: This study aims to identify the level of fear of re-injury as a psychological determinant of sports relapse injured among athletes during the medical rehabilitation phase. The study adopted the descriptive approach and was conducted on a sample of injured athletes at the Sports Medicine Hospital in Baghdad, using the Fear of ReInjury Scale. The results revealed that the level of fear of re-injury was high and statistically significant, indicating its clear impact on the injured athletes' behavior and readiness to return to sports activity. The findings also showed that fear of re-injury represents an important psychological factor that contributes to an increased likelihood of sports relapse despite the completion of physical rehabilitation. It is therefore concluded that the success of medical rehabilitation programs cannot be achieved by relying solely on physical aspects, but rather requires integrated attention to psychological aspects. The study recommends incorporating psychological preparation and the assessment of fear of re-injury within medical rehabilitation programs. It also emphasizes the importance of involving a sports psychologist to reduce relapse rates and ensure a safe and effective return to sports activity.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: fear
  topic: keywords
subject: sports collapse
  topic: keywords
subject: injured athletes
  topic: keywords
creator: Assist. Prof. Dr. Zainab Hussein Jaafar
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-01-15
publication date: 2026-01-15
starting page: 92
ending page: 104

THE EFFECT OF FUNCTIONAL TRAINING ON BASIC STRENGTH AND DYNAMIC BALANCE IN FOOTBALL PLAYERS
type: item
description: This research aims to identify the effect of functional training on basic strength and dynamic balance in football players. Specifically, it examines the impact of functional training on basic strength and dynamic balance. The researcher employed an experimental design, deemed most suitable for the nature of the research. A random sample of 26football players was selected, divided into two groups: 13players for a pilot study (validation of tests for reliability and validity) and 13players for the experimental group. The researcher developed a training program using functional exercises, which was implemented with the research sample for two months. The results demonstrated that the functional training program was clearly effective in improving the basic strength of the studied football players. The functional exercises also led to a noticeable improvement in dynamic balance levels, consistent with [the research findings]. Regarding the requirements for skill performance on the field, statistically significant differences were found between the pre- and posttests in favor of the post-test in all basic strength and dynamic balance tests. One of the most important recommendations was the necessity of adopting training programs based on functional exercises within the physical preparation plans for football players, due to their effective impact on developing basic strength and dynamic balance, and including stability and balance exercises within the daily training units of players with the aim of improving neuromuscular control and reducing the risk of sports injuries
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: job training
  topic: keywords
subject: Functional Training
  topic: keywords
subject: Basic Strength
  topic: keywords
creator: Muataz Riyadh Abdulhussein
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-21
publication date: 2026-03-21
starting page: 45
ending page: 56

THE EFFECT OF SMOKING ON AEROBIC ENDURANCE AND CERTAIN HEART FUNCTIONS IN YOUTH BASKETBALL PLAYERS AGED (17-18) YEARS
type: item
description: The research aims to determine the effect of smoking on youth basketball players, both smokers and non-smokers, regarding aerobic endurance, and to determine the effect of smoking on youth basketball players, both smokers and non-smokers, regarding certain heart functions. The sample consists of a group of players from the Ramadi Sports Club basketball team, totaling (10) players, following the conclusion of the training season for the 2023/2024 season. Their ages range from (17-18) years. Within the single group, they are divided into two groups: (5) smokers and (5) non-smokers. Through tests conducted on the experimental group, results, analysis, and discussion of the research variables appeared. The researcher concluded that there are statistically significant differences between smoking and non-smoking youth basketball players in aerobic endurance, the functional indicator Heart Rate (H.R), the functional indicator Systolic Pressure, and the functional indicator Diastolic Pressure, in favor of the non-smokers. There are many negatives of smoking on the athlete's body and functional systems, as smoking has a significant impact on various body systems. Smoking increases the heart rate, blood pressure, and blood coagulation, and it decreases aerobic endurance capacity in sports exercises
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Endurance
  topic: keywords
subject: Heart rate
  topic: keywords
subject: Systolic Pressure
  topic: keywords
creator: Alauadeen Abdullah Taha Abdullah
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-20
publication date: 2026-03-20
starting page: 32
ending page: 44

THE COMPARATIVE EFFECT OF TWO TRAINING METHODOLOGIES (PLYOMETRIC VERSUS COMPLEX TRAINING) ON THE DEVELOPMENT RATE OF EXPLOSIVE POWER AND SPRINT SPEED AMONG BASKETBALL PLAYERS
type: item
description: The study aimed to compare the differential effect of two training programs (Plyometric vs. Complex Training) on the level and development rate of explosive power and sprint speed among basketball players. The researcher used a quasi-experimental design with two experimental groups and one control group, employing pre-test and post-test measurements. The research sample consisted of (18) male basketball players from Al-Koot Sports Club, randomly divided into three homogeneous groups: Plyometric group (n=6), Complex Training group (n=6), and a Control group (n=6). The training programs were applied at a rate of (3) sessions per week over (8) weeks, while the control group continued its regular program. The dependent variables were measured using the Vertical Jump Test (for explosive power) and the 20-meter Sprint Test (for sprint speed), both before and after the intervention.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Plyometric Training
  topic: keywords
subject: Complex Training
  topic: keywords
subject: Explosive Power
  topic: keywords
subject: Basketball
  topic: keywords
creator: Mazin Mahmoud Shteeb
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-18
publication date: 2026-03-18
starting page: 18
ending page: 31

The Effect of Physical Exercises with Auditory Stimuli on Motor Response Speed and Improving Certain Aspects of Attention Among School Students
type: item
description: The research aimed to identify the effect of physical exercises with sequential auditory stimuli on raising the level of motor response speed among school students aged 9-11 years. The researcher employed the experimental method using a one-group pre-test/post-test design due to its suitability for the nature of the research. The research population was determined as primary school students (ages 9-11) in schools affiliated with the General Directorate of Education of Baghdad Karkh Second, for the academic year (2024-2025).After presenting, analyzing, and discussing the results, the researcher concluded that the use of physical exercises accompanied by sequential auditory stimuli has a positive and effective impact on developing the motor response speed of school students (9-11 years). There is a close relationship between physical training based on reaction and the development of attention aspects (concentration, acuity, stability), as the program led to a noticeable improvement in the mental processes accompanying performance.The researcher recommends the necessity of adopting exercises that rely on variable auditory and visual stimuli within physical education curricula in primary schools, and not merely relying on static, stereotypical exercises.
subject: Articles
  topic: section
subject: Motor Response Speed
  topic: keywords
subject: Aspects of Attention
  topic: keywords
subject: School Students
  topic: keywords
creator: Waleed Khairullah Fayhan
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0
date: 2026-03-19
publication date: 2026-03-19
starting page: 9
ending page: 17